High efficiency motor promotion difficulties to be solved

On March 2st, 202, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance jointly issued the fourth batch of promotion catalogues of high-efficiency motors for energy-saving products and Huimin Project. There were 29 companies in this promotion catalogue with 794 types of motor products. 949.4 million kilowatts.

Although the high-efficiency motor subsidy policy is still "to force," but the promotion of high-efficiency motor still seems to be "difficult", can be described as "efficient promotion is still not good, but also when the policy subsidy", dares to ask where the high efficiency motor in the future?

Promotion is unfavorable

From the determination of the promotion policy three years ago to the implementation of the GB863-2006 energy efficiency standard last year, the promotion of high-efficiency motors has been “invincible” from the beginning to today’s “difficult”, and its promotion process does not seem to be so “efficient”. The most important driving force in the high-efficiency motor market is the end user. Without end-user endorsement and consumption in the market, the high-efficiency motor market will be tantamount to a dead water. “The motor is not an end product. It is not realistic to rely on the motor to implement it because As long as the downstream companies do not want to have energy efficiency, it is impossible for the motor plant to make products that no one wants, contrary to the wishes of customers, and the implementation of GB863-2006 energy efficiency standards will begin on July . From the perspective of our visits to a number of companies, Level 2 The proportion of energy-efficient motors produced will not exceed 20% of the production of small and medium-sized motors. Most companies still produce low-efficiency motors, but this year's production ratio of high-efficiency motors has improved compared to last year. Even at the end of last year, even 0% could not reach. Because the customer does not approve, even if the motor factory does a lot of energy efficiency, but due to market demand led to the implementation of energy efficiency standards is not enough.” Chen Kang, deputy secretary-general of the Motor Association of Shanghai Electric Machinery Association, told reporters heartily.

The motor is a mid-range product and is sold to end-users after being matched by fans, pumps, compressors, machine tools, and various machinery and equipment companies. In addition to satisfying its driving requirements, the equipment-supplying enterprise procurement equipment needs competition for its market, and the main requirement is the low price of the motor, and whether it is the end user's business to save energy.

Zhou Sigang, deputy director of the China National Machinery Industry Federation’s major equipment office, gave an analysis of the promotion process to reporters: “The cost of high-efficiency motors is increased more, because it is the mid-range product, so the sales target of the motor companies is not the end user, and the end user is not sure that they really want to buy. High-efficiency motors, but supporting companies, the energy saving section has nothing to do with him, they only consider the price factor, and users in this process for the high-performance motor is not satisfied, so the promotion of high-efficiency motor is particularly difficult.

The promotion of high-efficiency motors is difficult. The most obvious issue is the cost issue.

High-efficiency motors are actually based on common efficiency motors. By optimizing the motor production process, using advanced rotor structures and optimized electromagnetic field design, the motor's working efficiency is improved by 5 to 7 percentage points compared to ordinary motors because of the new cold rolling. Silicon steel sheet and the application of a new process, while increasing the use of copper and related materials, making the average cost of 20% to 30% higher than the traditional motor, most downstream companies can not afford.

“In terms of high-efficiency motor production, we are now in a good position, but not all customers accept it. Only a small number of customers accept it. The production volume can reach about 5% of our total production, but high-efficiency motors do not have high profits. The price itself is higher now but there are no ordinary motor high profits.” Wang Weilun, director of the general manager office of Wuxi Zhongda Electric Co., Ltd., said in an interview.

The increase in costs, customers can not accept, how to open this "impasse"?

The national policy subsidy may be a “timely rain” in the process of effective promotion, but can “timely rain” moisten China's high-efficiency motors as a vast “field” and promote the smooth completion of the entire high-efficiency promotion process?

Wait for subsidy

In order to encourage the promotion and use of energy-efficient motors, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance jointly issued in 2009 the “Notice of the National Development and Reform Commission of the Ministry of Finance on Implementing Energy-saving Products to Benefit the People” (Caijian [2009] 23) documents. At the same time, according to the opinions of small and medium-sized motor industry associations on the promotion of highly efficient and energy-saving motors, the "National Development and Reform Commission of the Ministry of Finance has issued a notice on the implementation of the rules for the promotion of high-efficiency motors for energy-saving products and Huimin Project" (Caijian [200] 232). Hereinafter referred to as the “Implementation Rules”), the companies participating in the promotion have been examined and approved.

From August , 200, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance announced the first batch of high-efficiency motor promotion catalogues for the “Energy-saving Products Huimin Project”. On March 2, 202, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance jointly issued the “Energy Saving Products Huimin Project” to efficiently deliver The fourth batch of motor promotion catalogs, in the context of energy conservation and emission reduction, mandatory standards and incentive policies have determined that energy-efficient motors will fully replace traditional inefficient motors in the future.

The publication of a batch of batches of promotional catalogues and the promotion of a batch of batches of targets have been made. However, in the process, the issue of subsidies has always caused various motor companies to “knit up”.

A person in charge who was selected as the fourth batch of high-efficiency motor promotion catalogues told reporters helplessly: “The application process for efficient subsidies is very complicated. We are thinking of ways to get subsidies in place. If the workload is too great, we can only give up. We first follow the specific procedures of the subsidy policy, but the specific circumstances are still unknown."

After the national high-efficiency motor promotion work conference held in Xiangtan in early 20, the Ministry of Finance and the National Development and Reform Commission issued the “Notice on the National Development and Reform Commission of the Ministry of Finance on Promoting the Promotion of High Efficiency Motors in 20” (Caijian [20] ] 62), in this meeting specifically on the implementation of subsidies for efficient energy-saving motor promotion is intended to carry out detailed provisions, but the specific implementation of this request for subsidies must be the end-use customers for the product, the motor company must go through the matching The sales channels of the host companies and supporting host companies have been confirmed by the signatures of the end users before they can implement the subsidy for the National Huimin Project. This point has become an insurmountable gap in the production of small and medium-sized electric motors.

According to Chen Weihua, secretary-general of the Electrical and Mechanical Industry Association of China Association of Electrical and Mechanical Engineers, China's annual production of AC motors is about 200 million kilowatts, exports are estimated at more than 20 million kilowatts, domestic sales are more than 70 million kilowatts, and motors that are not covered by this subsidy are removed. Such as single-phase AC motors, inverter motors, pole-changing motors, winding rotor motors, torque motors, high slip motors, various deceleration motors, ordinary synchronous motors, various brake motors and other special-purpose motors, in the scope of subsidies There are 20 million kilowatts, subsidizing 70% of them, and about 80 million kilowatts.

According to an average of 40 yuan per kilowatt subsidy, about 3.2 billion yuan will be subsidized. In fact, if 80 million kilowatts of electric motors can be divided into sub-subsidies of less than 2000 hours (with an estimate of about one-third), subsidies will only need to subsidize 50 million kilowatts, and subsidies will be reduced to 2 billion. Yuan, but it is difficult to implement.
“The superiors do not believe in the subordinate manufacturing enterprises. Why can't subsidy study the principle of the original Ministry of Commerce's tax rebate? Some high-efficiency motor subsidies are not given to local enterprises. Locally, they feel that they cannot give the electric motor factory at the moment, so the subsidy cannot be given to the motor in time. It may take three years for a motor factory to get an end-user list, from the factory to the agent, to the switchboard, and finally to the user, and these links will take a long time to transfer, or there will be transfer of end-user failure equipment. , then the end user can not be determined at all.” An industry insider who did not want to be named issued such complaints when talking about the feasibility of the subsidy.

After visiting a number of motor companies, the reporter discovered that the “entanglement” of companies for Huimin subsidies is often concentrated on Huimin subsidies that are faced with specific problems such as long fund-occupancy cycles, difficulty in obtaining evidence, and failure to implement the nodes for subsidy implementation.

The person in charge of the company compared the image of the reporter to Huimin’s policy: “In the enterprise, the Huimin policy is a piece of cake that can't be seen and cannot be seen. It is very difficult to eat the Huimin policy subsidies when they come to the mouth because the operation It's too difficult."

A person in charge of the business, who was unwilling to be named, told the reporter when he talked about subsidies: “Any enterprise has passed approval for the Huimin subsidy, but it is not issued to the provincial government, saying that the local government has no corresponding Funds are allocated."

It is precisely because of the “tangled” nature of the entire subsidy process that many motor manufacturers have chosen to wait for policy subsidies and “stand still” to change their production attitude, once stranded high-efficiency motor production.

Zhang Shaochun, Deputy Minister of Finance, stated at the national conference on the promotion of high-efficiency motors: China has the basis and conditions for large-scale application of high-efficiency motors. From the perspective of production technology, under the encouragement and guidance of national policies in recent years, motor production companies have continuously increased R&D investment, strengthened the capacity for independent innovation, and in the new winding process, precision stamping of silicon steel sheets, cast copper rotors, high-pressure precision die-casting molding, etc. Breakthrough progress has been achieved, and efficient and ultra-efficient motor production technologies have been mastered. From the perspective of production capacity, China's high-efficiency motor industry has formed a relatively complete industrial chain, with an annual production capacity of more than 30 million kilowatts, and a large number of ordinary motor production processes and equipment. After transformation and upgrading, they can all turn to high-efficiency motors. From the point of view of raw material guarantee capability, China's rare earth resources are abundant, and the varieties are all high in quality. Cold-rolled silicon steel, copper, pure aluminum and other raw materials have strong production capacity, and large-scale production of high-efficiency motors has unique conditions.

According to Zhang Yingming, Director of the FA Research and Development Center of Dongyuan Zonghe Technology (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd., “Because the demand for high-efficiency motors is very low, our company has not yet mass-produced high-efficiency motors, but we look at the technical aspects of our motor plant. The technology can fully meet the production standards. At the same time, high-efficiency motors have no difficulty in terms of developing products. Only now we are waiting for the support of national policies. At the same time, we already have the technical reserves of high-efficiency motors and can directly enter mass production of high-efficiency motors."

During the interview, the reporter found that most of the large-scale enterprises have the production conditions for high-efficiency motors, and in addition to the subsidy policy, the standard issue has become another obstacle.

Standard mystery

“Because of the confusion in the standards, we now have to design products that have to meet multiple standards. I suggest that our national standards can be integrated with international standards. This will actually be much better for our products. Because the standards are different, our designs are also different. Different causes of increased product costs are not conducive to business management.” A person in charge of the company told reporters when they talked about standard issues.

In the process of promotion and implementation of high-efficiency motors, the mandatory restrictions on three small and medium asynchronous motors have been implemented on July , 20. However, in the implementation of this standard, they are limited to specific conditions in China, and their mandatory effects do not play a role. As it is satisfactory, it also affects the enthusiasm of companies for the promotion of high-efficiency motors.

Although China is a major motor manufacturing country in the world, it mainly produces ordinary motors with low added value and high energy consumption. This not only does not meet the increasingly stringent energy conservation and emission reduction situation in China, but also restricts the industrial upgrading of China's equipment manufacturing enterprises. , Europe and the United States and other developed countries are continuously improving the efficiency of motor energy access standards, resulting in further widening the gap between China's motor energy efficiency and foreign countries.

China's "energy-saving limit value and energy efficiency rating for small and medium-sized three-phase asynchronous motors" was formerly GB863-2006, and the implementation date was July , 2007, in which the target energy efficiency limit value of the motor was also the minimum standard implemented in the above-mentioned standard for four years. After the automatic upgrade to secondary energy efficiency, from July , 20 have become the minimum requirements of national standards. According to GB863-2006 version of the three-level energy efficiency standard motor has become a non-conforming product. This makes the motor companies in the country become illegal operators if they do not produce energy-efficient motors. GB863-2006 is a national standard and is enforceable. It seems that in addition to enterprises that participate in Huimin projects, a large number of companies have become illegal operations. This has also become one of the reasons why the policy is difficult to implement.

Speaking of the standard issue, an expert who has been engaged in motor research for many years conducted a detailed analysis for the reporter: The situation in which the implementation of national mandatory standards is not limited to GB863-2006 is a problem that has been a long-standing issue and has historically imposed standards. There are many cases where enforcement is not available. The safety standard for small and medium-sized motors is also a mandatory standard, and it is not until the inclusion of 3C compulsory certification that it is truly mandatory.

Foreign mandatory access to products is achieved through national regulations, such as the EPECT Motor Energy Efficiency Act of the United States, the European Union’s EUP Directive, etc., and the motor energy efficiency standards are only the technical indicators cited by the Act.

First of all, mandatory standards that are not enforced by an authoritative organization, and are not practical implementation rules are actually more difficult to enforce, and this must have a higher institution to formulate laws and regulations and statutes, and corresponding agencies should formulate implementation rules and regulations. It can only be implemented by the corresponding executive agency.

Secondly, the motor is a mid-range product that is sold to end-users through matching of fans, pumps, compressors, machine tools, and various machinery and equipment companies. In addition to satisfying its driving requirements, these enterprises purchase motors for their market competition needs, with low motor prices as the main appeal, and whether power saving is an end user; China's motor production capacity is far greater than market demand, and motor companies are basically profitable. It is difficult to survive without a certain scale. In order to win the market, only low-price competition is available, customers have no demand, and no company is willing to increase costs to do high-efficiency motors; otherwise, the market will be lost.

As for the country's mandatory requirements, most enterprises are holding a wait-and-see attitude, and they will not risk losing customers because of high efficiency and high prices. Wait until everyone is going to make a high-efficiency motor. Let's say it anyway. It is precisely because the law does not penalize the public.

“Imagine if you don’t move, only a few percent of the electric motors that are actually sold in the country will be very difficult to penalize at the last minute.” The above experts showed concern for motor manufacturers.

Every year, China produces about 200 million kilowatts of AC motors. The equipment of all walks of life can not be separated from the matching of the motor. Suddenly the production and sales of ordinary motors are stopped. High-efficiency motors cannot be supplied. The motor company's sales volume has been greatly reduced for a long time, making it difficult for enterprises to survive. , resulting in a lot of unemployment, and so on, the consequences are serious.

The number of motor manufacturing enterprises in China is large. According to statistics, as of the end of 20, there were 2260 motor manufacturing industrial enterprises in China, with total industry assets of 559.55 billion yuan and more than 7. million related employees in the motor industry. Many of the many manufacturing enterprises do not have high-efficiency motor certification. Therefore, once they are enforced according to national standards, a large number of enterprises will be suspended according to the regulations. Of course, some small-sized motor companies, especially some small private enterprises of township enterprises, will stop production. Great social issues.

Judging from the experience abroad, the introduction of mandatory standards involves both positive and negative aspects. One is the positive energy efficiency labeling system, and the other is the reverse disciplinary system. For violations, the Energy Efficiency Label Management Center of the China National Institute of Standardization will impose a fine of up to 00,000 yuan on related companies, with weak penalties. At the same time, the relevant departments are mainly conducting energy efficiency label inspections for motor companies and neglecting to strengthen the inspection of motor products on the market.

In the interview process, Zhou Sigang sighed: "The cost of crime is too low. You say that you have a fine of 200,000. Their profit is 2 million, so